Would the model mean that Fannie Mae could be labeled an “honest” company? Why or why not?

     Fannie Mae, a company, created back in 1938 to increase the ability of citizens becoming homeowners.  Fannie Mae received rave reviews as one of the United States most ethical companies during the years from 2000 to 2002.  The organization even made profits amounting to $24 billion dollars in the year 2004.  Fannie Mae had been acknowledged as one of the best places to work for working mothers and minorities and even made the Fortune 500 list.  However, those praises began to fizzle out in the year of 2005.
   
     Alan Greenspan tried to advise individuals that there were problems taking place within the walls of the Fannie Mae organization.  In a court battle, Mr. Greenspan ended up testifying against them.  He was quoted as saying that "The Federal Reserve Board has been unable to find any credible purpose for the huge balance sheets built by Fannie and Freddie other than profit" (Jennings, 2012, p. 123).
     Frannie Mae and Freddie Mac financed more than half of the mortgages in the United States.  They were providing loans to borrowers who were under qualified financially, no credit or low credit and no down payment.  With so many loans written to buyers who do not meet today's standards of lending, the housing market took a horrible downfall. People were losing their homes all over the country do to them being locked into unaffordable interest rates and balloon payments (Hoang & Martin, 2012).  With so many homes going into foreclosure, Fannie Mae began to experience some very troubled waters.  The minds that be at the organization could not account for the irresponsible decisions they made with the handing out of so many loans to so many people other than getting that initial profit.
   
     Fannie Mae did not use Jennings and Entine's eight question to ensure they were acting in an ethical manner.  With the way, the company conducted business it is safe to say that the Jennings model would not identify Fannie Mae as an honest company.  Because of their decision to think of only profits many individuals lost their homes, had to file bankruptcy, and emotional stress and strain (Hoang & Martin, 2012).  Proper policies were not in place, and red flags were ignored which lead this company to put our country into a bigger financial bind than they were already in.

     Fannie Mae has since recovered, and the former powers that be have been replaced with individuals who are trying to lead the company into a more positive direction and rebuild its reputation as a business you can trust.

What is the difference between Entine and Jennings’ eight questions and traditional measures of social responsibility?

     The difference between Entine and Jennings's eight questions and traditional measures of social responsibility is perception.  In life, there are no such things as perfect people, places or things.   However, it is within good business practice for a company to try its best to make sure the products and services they produce are of an ethical nature.

     In Entine and Jennings find that the eight questions will assist in a company understanding what their true nature is all about (Jennings, 2012).  Companies have to think of more than just profit, and they also have to think about are they standing behind what they claim to believe in.  A business using traditional measures of social responsibility pay tribute to their stakeholders more than they do to their actual reputation.
 
     When profit is the only thing the company is concerned about it can potentially lose focus on what the real goal may be.  For instance, if a corporation is known for making bad business decisions but wants to be world renowned, potential and even current investors could decide to take their money elsewhere. In this move, they will see that the company heads are only concerned about profit and getting ahead in any way they can.  Furthermore, with Entine and Jennings eight questions companies have to take a good look at themselves and analyze whether they are acting in an ethical way.

     Organizations that operate in shady dealings do not have longevity in the world of business.  They end up losing stakeholders, stockholders, employees and consumers.  None of these makes for a long positive business operation.  Nevertheless, when a company decides to take a step back and investigate whether their organization has a soul. It is vital that the business take a look to make sure that they go through each of the proposed questions to ensure that their Visions, Mission, and Values statements line up with what is the actual reality.

     Entine and Jennings were proposing that the most important thing that a company can do for its organization be to determine the real character of its soul.  Doing business with the sole purpose of pleasing the stakeholders can potentially lead to disastrous outcomes.

Contrast the Entine and Jennings with the views of Friedman and Freeman

     When dealing with corporate social responsibility, it is without much saying that Jon Entine and Marianne M. Jennings share the same outlook on the matter.  Jennings and Entine believed that social responsibility encompassed itself around what is ethical. They also both agreed that the environment should be utilized as a branding agent to influence consumers buying decisions (Jennings & Entine, 1998).  Entine and Jennings find that every company has a social responsibility to the business, but they also believe that companies should have a soul (Jennings, 2012).  For example making sure that cans of tuna have listed that its products are netted "Dolphin Free" (Jennings, 2012, p. 102).  With great understanding in Entine and Jennings viewpoints, consumers would be more concerned about how and with what a product is made, versus saving a dollar on manufacturing.  Entine and Jennings did not see if beneficial to consumers to take unethical routes in manufacturing just to make a profit.  They believed that to understand your real soul the company should be able to answer these eight questions.  These questions will help determine their most genuine intentions.

     Friedman and Freeman had an entirely different take on the matter.  Milton Friedman believed that the soul purpose of social responsibility was to help increase the profits of the company (Jennings, 2012).  Mr. Friedman did not believe that anyone else in the business should be responsible for making the decisions other than the stakeholders.  Mr. Freeman also shared in this same theory; this theory is known as the Stakeholder Theory.  Stakeholder theory allows a careful outlook into a more sophisticated view of how stakeholders are valued and providing new ways to analyze it (Harrison & Wicks, 2014).  These ethical scholars want to address what they feel is most important in organizational management, which they believe are the stakeholders.

     So you have two groups of individuals with entirely different views on corporate social responsibility.  Entine and Jennings think that to understand corporate social responsibility, the company has to look deep into their real soul.  However, Friedman and Freeman felt as if the responsibility was only the responsibility of the managers and stakeholders. Friedman and Freeman can be viewed as caring about the overall profit while Entine and Jennings cared more about being ethically sound.